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3D Glossary

Clear definitions of the key terms in 3D, AR, VR and XR.

Spatial Computing

Spatial Computing

Spatial computing anchors digital content in the real space. In mechanical engineering, it lets you experience 3D models spatially for sales, service and design reviews.

Marker Tracking (AR)

Marker Tracking (AR)

Marker tracking uses visual reference points for precise AR experiences. An overview of the technologies, advantages and practical areas of use.

Markerless Tracking (AR)

Markerless Tracking (AR)

Markerless tracking enables precise AR experiences without physical reference points. It analyzes the environment in real time. An overview of technologies, benefits and applications.

Extended Reality (XR)

Extended Reality (XR)

Extended reality is the umbrella term for all immersive technologies, from virtual reality to mixed reality and augmented reality. An overview of technologies, applications and strategic decisions.

Virtual Reality (VR)

Virtual Reality (VR)

Virtual reality creates fully immersive 3D environments for training, product presentations and virtual collaboration. An overview of technologies, use cases and standards.

Augmented Reality (AR)

Augmented Reality (AR)

Augmented reality adds digital 3D content to the real world for service applications, product presentations and interactive instructions. An overview of technologies, use cases and standards.

Hologram

Holograms are three-dimensional displays that you can see without glasses or a headset. In B2B, companies use holographic displays at trade shows, in showrooms and in product presentations, from light field displays to holographic projections.

Data Privacy

Data privacy (GDPR) regulates how personal data is handled. In B2B mechanical engineering, however, data security requirements (protection of CAD data and IP) are usually more relevant than data privacy.

Reverse Engineering

Reverse engineering reconstructs 3D geometries from physical objects with 3D scanning. In mechanical engineering, it enables spare parts production without CAD data, documentation of legacy equipment and quality control through target/actual comparisons.

Data Security

Data security for 3D platforms includes encryption, access control and DRM to protect confidential CAD data. In B2B mechanical engineering, ISO 27001 compliance, secure cloud storage and watermarking are critical for IP protection.

3D Pipeline

3D Pipeline

The 3D pipeline is the multi-stage workflow from CAD design data to interactive 3D visualization for web, AR and VR. An overview of processes, optimizations and best practices.

Real-Time Rendering

Real-Time Rendering

Real-time rendering shows 3D graphics immediately while users interact with them. Technologies, applications and performance optimization for interactive product visualization.

ARCore

ARCore

ARCore is Google's augmented reality platform for Android devices. With motion tracking, environment analysis and light estimation, it enables AR applications for the largest mobile platform in the world.

ARKit

ARKit

ARKit is Apple's augmented reality framework for iOS devices. With precise tracking and scene understanding, it enables product visualizations and AR applications for iPhone and iPad.

Digital Twin

Digital Twin

A digital twin is a virtual copy of a physical object or system with a real-time data connection. An overview of applications, benefits and leading technologies.

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